{"id":4040,"date":"2025-11-02T06:47:54","date_gmt":"2025-11-02T06:47:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bestypack.com\/?p=4040"},"modified":"2026-08-03T04:55:22","modified_gmt":"2026-08-03T04:55:22","slug":"%d9%81%d9%8a%d9%84%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%af%d8%af-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a-%d8%a5%d9%8a%d8%ab%d9%8a%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%86-%d9%85%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%a8%d9%84-%d9%81%d9%8a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bestypack.com\/ar\/blog\/pe-vs-pvc-stretch-film\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644: \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0634\u062f\u0651 PE<\/h3>\n\n\n

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\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0634\u062f\u0651 PVC<\/h2>\n\n\n

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\n\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u0651 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u064a\u0635\u0641 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0648 \u7ea6\u675f\u529b<\/strong> \u0647\u064a \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u0651\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n

\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 PE \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n

\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 ASTM D5459-95(2025) \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0643\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621. \u8d1f\u8f7d\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643<\/h3>\n\n\n

\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a (Cling) \u062a\u064f\u0628\u0642\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0629\u061b \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c. \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0645\u0646 PVC \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0648\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0648\u0623\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629. \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 ASTM D5458-95(2025) \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0642\u0637. \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0643\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u201c\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627\u201d \u0643\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n

\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0629. \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643 \u062d\u064a\u062b\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0632\u0642 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0632\u0642 \u0646\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644. \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645\u061b \u0648\u064a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0632\u0642 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0634\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u0637\u0639. \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 MD\/TD\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n

\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 ASTM D5748-26 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0626 (Protrusion Puncture) \u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0651\u0639\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u062a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0638\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0627\u062a)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0627\u062a. \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n

\"\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644
\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n

\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631. ASTM D4649 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0623\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f. \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u201c\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062f\u0629\u201d \u0623\u0648 \u201c\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/a>.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n

\n\n

\u062a\u062d\u0630\u064a\u0631:<\/strong> \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0632\u0642 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0643\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631. \u062a\u062d\u0630\u0631 ASTM D882 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637.<\/p>\n\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n\n\n

\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 PE \u0648 PVC \u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n

\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/h2>\n\n\n

\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f PE \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n

\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0628 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0642\u0629. \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u060c \u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632. \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n

\"\u0622\u0644\u0629
\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0622\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n

\u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 ASTM D4649-20(2025) \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 ASTM D8314-20(2025) \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d.<\/p>\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0632\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n

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\n\n

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\u0644\u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628:<\/p>\n\n\n